純白裡的繽紛

美國《新聞周刊》專訪李安：我最熱愛的錯誤 (中英對照全文)
    
        今天翻閱 11 月 26 日號《 NEWSWEEK 》時，發現最後一頁有李安的專訪，是他在談電影工作與家庭生活之間的拿捏，包括他如何錯過長子的青少年成長期，以及怎麼在次子身上重新扮演好父親的角色。
        看完覺得蠻感動的，身為一位享譽國際的名導，李安在忙碌生活之際，還這麼盡心盡力地經營著自己的家庭。真是個不折不扣的新好男人。
        文中李安也回顧過去窩居在家寫劇本的心路歷程，真可謂「大丈夫能屈能伸」。證明了，只要懂得堅持，不斷累積實力，在看似沒有盡頭的、懷才不遇的日子裡，依舊時時刻刻磨砥自己的「才」，總會有那麼一天，能夠發光發熱。
    
        利用空檔把這篇文章翻成了中文，與大家分享，也在網路上找到原文連結。朋友們可自行點閱。至於中譯部份，若有未盡之處，還請各位強者多多指教。
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My Favorite Mistake: Ang Lee
The ‘Life of Pi’ director on his greatest balancing act.
我最熱愛的錯誤：李安談他如何在工作與家庭間取得平衡

麥卡洛老師「你並不特別」中英對照全文
    
        這幾天看到奇摩新聞報導美國威爾斯利高中老師大衛．麥卡洛有篇「你並不特別」的畢業典禮演講影片，在網路上獲得熱烈迴響。今天特地上 YouTube 搜尋影片來看，覺得講得很精彩。引經據典卻不落俗套，幽默風趣之餘又發人省思。
    
        於是也找了中文字幕版的想分享給大家，不過發現影片中的翻譯有許多地方怪怪的。雖然大體上已經有把麥卡洛老師想傳達的都傳達了，但身為英文老師，還是想自己來翻譯看看(雖然不一定比較好)。裡面有許多用語有文化背景差異問題，文後有一一註解。由於我沒有在美國生活的經驗，故力有未逮之處，或是其他翻得不通順的地方，請各位多多包涵，如能指正，更是感激不盡。
        底下是我今天下午花了幾個小時翻譯的中文稿。(引用要記得附出處喔)
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David McCullough, Jr. – You Are Not Special
                   At Wellesley High School Commencement
「你並不特別」大衛．麥卡洛老師  於威爾斯利高中畢業典禮
http://lybio.net/david-mccullough-jr-you-are-not-special-commencement/speeches/
Dr. Wong, Dr. Keough, Mrs. Novogroski, Ms. Curran, members of the board of education, family and friends of the graduates, ladies and gentlemen of the Wellesley High School class of 2012, for the privilege of speaking to you this afternoon, I am honored and grateful. Thank you.
翁博士、基歐博士、諾渥果斯基女士、柯倫女士、教育會的委員們、畢業生的家人朋友們、威爾斯利高中 2012 年畢業班的女士們、先生們，我非常榮幸也十分感激能有這個機會在這個下午對你們致詞。謝謝。
So here we are… commencement… life’s great forward-looking ceremony. And don’t say, “What about weddings?” Weddings are one-sided and insufficiently effective. Weddings are bride-centric pageantry. Other than conceding to a list of unreasonable demands, the groom just stands there. No stately, hey-everybody-look-at-me procession. No being given away. No identity-changing pronouncement. 
因此，我們在這裡。畢業典禮。生命中重要的前瞻性儀式。請不要說：「那麼婚禮呢？」婚禮是單方面的、而且常常效果不佳。婚禮是以新娘為中心的盛會。除了同意一連串不怎麼合理的要求外，新郎通常只能杵在那兒。沒有盛大的、讓大家盯著你瞧的隊伍行進。沒有嫁入他門的不捨送別，沒有稱謂變換的身分宣告。
And can you imagine a television show dedicated to watching guys try on tuxedos? Their fathers sitting there misty-eyed with joy and disbelief, their brothers lurking in the corner muttering with envy. Left to men, weddings would be, after limits-testing procrastination, spontaneous, almost inadvertent… during halftime… on the way to the refrigerator. And then there’s the frequency of failure: statistics tell us half of you will get divorced. A winning percentage like that’ll get you last place in the American League East. The Baltimore Orioles do better than weddings.
你能夠想像有個讓大家看著男士們穿上燕尾服的電視節目嗎？他們的父親坐在那裡，眼眶中打轉著喜悅與懷疑的淚水。他們的兄弟們溜到角落，低聲嘀咕、語帶羨慕。在幾經考驗耐性的冗長拖延後，婚禮對男士來說，簡直就像是利用觀看超級盃時的中場休息時間，順便自動地走到冰箱打開飲料喝那樣的無關緊要。事實上，婚姻是有其失敗率的，統計數據指出在座的各位有一半未來將會離婚。成功的機率低到讓你穩坐美聯東區爐主。連巴爾的摩金鶯隊的勝率都比婚姻來的高。
But this ceremony… commencement… a commencement works every time. From this day forward… truly… in sickness and in health, through financial fiascos, through midlife crises and passably attractive sales reps at trade shows in Cincinnati, (parents get that) through diminishing tolerance for annoyingness, through every difference, irreconcilable and otherwise, you will stay forever graduated from high school, you and your diploma as one, ‘til death do you part.
可是畢業典禮這個儀式，卻每次都能順利圓滿。從今爾後，真的，不管你經歷生病或健康、財務困難、中年危機，還是在辛辛那提的展售會遇到長相還過得去的銷售代表，(家長都曉得)，或許你對事物容忍度越來越低、也許遭遇到可解決的或束手無策的各種改變，不管怎樣，你都確確實實地從這所高中畢業了。你，與你的文憑合為一體，至死不渝。
No, commencement is life’s great ceremonial beginning, with its own attendant and highly appropriate symbolism. Fitting, for example, for this auspicious rite of passage, is where we find ourselves this afternoon, the venue. Normally, I avoid clichés like the plague, wouldn’t touch them with a ten-foot pole, but here we are on a literal level playing field. That matters. That says something. And your ceremonial costume… shapeless, uniform, one-size-fits-all. Whether male or female, tall or short, scholar or slacker, spray-tanned prom queen or intergalactic X-Box assassin, each of you is dressed, you’ll notice, exactly the same. And your diploma… but for your name, exactly the same.
然而，事情也不盡然如此。畢業典禮是生命中偉大儀式性的開端。有其自身的附加意義與高度象徵性的意涵。例如，透過參加這場喜氣洋洋的成年禮，我們在這個下午替自己找到一個立足點。一般而言，我會避免討人厭的陳腔濫調。連碰都不想碰(譯註一)。但當此刻我們的確處在大家公平競爭的競技場(譯註二)，這句陳腔濫調就顯得有價值了。它透露著某些重要訊息。看看你們的典禮服裝，毫無造型、大小一致。不管是男女、高矮、會讀書或不會讀書、皮膚曬成棕褐色的舞會女王還是 X-Box 的星際刺客(譯註三)，你們每個人，注意到了沒，都穿著一模一樣的衣服。至於你的文憑，除了你的名字以外，也都長得完全相同。
All of this is as it should be, because none of you is special.
You’re not special. You are not exceptional.
這一切本應如此，因為你，並不特別。
你並不特別，你並不與眾不同。
Contrary to what your U9 soccer trophy suggests, your glowing 7th grade report card, despite every assurance of a certain corpulent purple dinosaur, that nice Mister Rogers and your batty Aunt Sylvia, no matter how often your maternal caped crusader has swooped in to save you… you’re nothing special.
儘管你有座 U9 足球獎杯(譯註四)，有張閃閃發亮的七年級成績單，而且你確信世上存在著紫色肥胖恐龍，還有那位笑咪咪的羅傑斯先生(譯註五)和瘋狂的西爾維亞阿姨，儘管你的女超人屢屢從天上飛下來救你，很抱歉，你還是沒什麼特別的。
Yes, you’ve been pampered, cosseted, doted upon, helmeted, bubble-wrapped. Yes, capable adults with other things to do have held you, kissed you, fed you, wiped your mouth, wiped your bottom, trained you, taught you, tutored you, coached you, listened to you, counseled you, encouraged you, consoled you and encouraged you again. You’ve been nudged, cajoled, wheedled and implored. You’ve been feted and fawned over and called sweetie pie. 
是的，你一直養尊處優、嬌生慣養、被溺愛、被保護、被美麗的泡泡圍繞。是的，那些正忙著其他事的大人們，總是把你捧在手心、親吻你、餵養你、幫你擦嘴巴、替你擦屁股、訓練你、教導你、引導你、指導你、聆聽你、輔導你、鼓勵你、安慰你，然後再一次地鼓勵你。你曾被人引導鼓勵、被巧語哄騙、被熱情款待、被奉承討好，甚至被親暱喊作甜心派。
Yes, you have. And, certainly, we’ve been to your games, your plays, your recitals, your science fairs. Absolutely, smiles ignite when you walk into a room, and hundreds gasp with delight at your every tweet. Why, maybe you’ve even had your picture in the Townsman. And now you’ve conquered high school… and, indisputably, here we all have gathered for you, the pride and joy of this fine community, the first to emerge from that magnificent new building…
是的，你有過。而且，我們都去過你們的比賽、你們的戲劇、你們的獨奏會、你們的科學展覽。當你走進房間看到每個人臉上掛起笑容、當你隨便發一則推特文章底下就響起數百個讚聲，甚至 Townsman 上還曾刊出你的照片(譯註六)。而現在，你完成了高中學業，而且，無庸置疑地，我們全為了你而聚集在這裡，當你身為這個社區的榮耀和喜悅，身為第一位從那座宏偉新大樓走出來的學生。
But do not get the idea you’re anything special. Because you’re not.
但，千萬不要以為你就有什麼特別的，因為你並沒有。
The empirical evidence is everywhere, numbers even an English teacher can’t ignore. Newton, Natick, Nee… I am allowed to say Needham, yes? …that has to be two thousand high school graduates right there, give or take, and that’s just the neighborhood N’s. Across the country no fewer than 3.2 million seniors are graduating about now from more than 37,000 high schools.
實證無所不在。這數據甚至連英文老師都不會忽略(譯註七)。牛頓、納提克、尼…我可以提「尼漢」嗎(譯註八)？光是這裡就有將近 2000 個高中畢業生，而且這還只是鄰近社區而已。此時此刻，整個美國有超過 320 萬個高中生從 3 萬 7 千所高中畢業。
That’s 37,000 valedictorians… that’s 37,000 class presidents… 92,000 harmonizing altos… 340,000 swaggering jocks… 2,185,967 pairs of Uggs. But why limit ourselves to high school? After all, you’re leaving it. So think about this: even if you’re one in a million, on a planet of 6.8 billion that means there are nearly 7,000 people just like you. Imagine standing somewhere over there on Washington Street on Marathon Monday and watching 6,800 ‘yous’ go running by. 
這也意味著，有 3 萬 7 千位畢業生代表。3 萬 7 千個學生會長(譯註九)。9 萬 2 千個和聲男高音。34 萬個體育健將。281 萬雙靴子被穿在腳上。但，為何侷限在高中範圍呢？畢竟你將離開這個地方。所以，不妨試著這樣想，即便你是百萬中選一的菁英，但地球上有 68 億人口，那代表這世界上有將近 7 千個像你這樣的人。想像你站在華盛頓街，那裡正舉辦星期一馬拉松比賽，然後看著 6 千 8 百個「你」從你身旁擦身而過。
And consider for a moment the bigger picture: your planet, I’ll remind you, is not the center of its solar system, your solar system is not the center of its galaxy, your galaxy is not the center of the universe. In fact, astrophysicists assure us the universe has no center; therefore, you cannot be it.[applause] Neither can Donald Trump… which someone should tell him… although the hair is quite a phenomenon.
接著，讓我們把視野再拉大一點。你所處的地球，讓我提醒你，並不是太陽系的中心。你的太陽系並不是銀河系的中心。你的銀河系也不是這宇宙的中心。事實上，太空物理學家告訴我們，宇宙並沒有所謂的中心。因此，你當然也不可能是。(大家鼓掌)。當然，唐納德．川普(美國大亨)也不會是。或許某人該告訴他這個事實。儘管他的頭髮還蠻酷炫的。
“But, Dave,” you cry, “Walt Whitman tells me I’m my own version of perfect! Epictetus tells me I have the spark of Zeus!” And I don’t disagree. So that makes 6.8 billion examples of perfection, 6.8 billion sparks of Zeus.You see, if everyone is special, then no one is. If everyone gets a trophy, trophies become meaningless.
「但，大衛老師…」你大聲喊著，「惠特曼(美國詩人)告訴我，我就是自己的完美版本阿。艾匹克提塔斯(古希臘賢人)也說，我擁有宙斯的火花。」對此我並不反對。只是，按照這個說法，這世上便有了 68 億個完本版本，有 68 億道宙斯的火花。你看，當每個人都是特別的，便沒有人是特別的了。如果每個人都拿到獎盃，那獎盃將毫無意義。
In our unspoken but not so subtle Darwinian competition with one another–which springs, I think, from our fear of our own insignificance, a subset of our dread of mortality — we have of late, we Americans, to our detriment, come to love accolades more than genuine achievement. We have come to see them as the point — and we’re happy to compromise standards, or ignore reality, if we suspect that’s the quickest way, or only way, to have something to put on the mantelpiece, something to pose with, crow about, something with which to leverage ourselves into a better spot on the social totem pole.
在近年來從不明說卻顯而易見的達爾文競爭模式中—對此我相信它源自人類對於自身渺小的恐懼與害怕死亡的某種心態—我們美國人，總是喜愛讚美大過於真實的成就，然而這種習慣是有害的。我們必須嚴肅看待這一點。我們總是樂於妥協標準、忽視事實，以為這是最快或是唯一的方式，能把某件物品(指獎杯)放在壁爐架上，與其拍照留念，對人自誇自擂，能讓我們在社會圖騰柱上取得更好的位置(譯註十)。
No longer is it how you play the game, no longer is it even whether you win or lose, or learn or grow, or enjoy yourself doing it… Now it’s “So what does this get me?” As a consequence, we cheapen worthy endeavors, and building a Guatemalan medical clinic becomes more about the application to Bowdoin than the well-being of Guatemalans.
我們開始不在乎如何比賽、不管輸還是贏、不管有無學習與成長、或是有沒有從中獲得樂趣，我們所關心的變成：「這件事能給我什麼好處？」這樣一來，我們只會把每一份努力變得廉價，把焦點放在興建瓜地馬拉醫療中心對鮑登大學的應用，而非瓜地馬拉人的福祉。
It’s an epidemic — and in its way, not even dear old Wellesley High is immune… one of the best of the 37,000 nationwide, Wellesley High School… where good is no longer good enough, where a B is the new C, and the mid-level curriculum is called Advanced College Placement. And I hope you caught me when I said “one of the best.” I said “one of the best” so we can feel better about ourselves, so we can bask in a little easy distinction, however vague and unverifiable, and count ourselves among the elite, whoever they might be, and enjoy a perceived leg up on the perceived competition. But the phrase defies logic. By definition – by definition there can be only one best. You’re it or you’re not.
這種想法是具有傳染性的。連我們這間歷史悠久、全美 3 萬 7 千所高中裡最好之一的威爾斯利高中也無法倖免。在這裡，我們總是覺得好還要更好，乙等頂多應該算是丙等，中等學程其實是大學預修課程。我希望你們注意到我剛剛提到的「最好之一」這個說法。我之所以說「最好之一」，是因為這使我們得以自我感覺良好，使我們沉浸在這種草率分類法所帶來的喜悅中，儘管它模糊且缺乏考證。我們以為自己也是菁英之一，無論這些菁英的身分為何，然後在自我想像中的競賽裡，想像自己處於領先地位。但這句話其實沒有邏輯，照道理講，最好的只有一個，你是就是，不是就不是。
If you’ve learned anything in your years here I hope it’s that education should be for, rather than material advantage, the exhilaration of learning. You’ve learned, too, I hope, as Sophocles assured us, that wisdom is the chief element of happiness. Second is ice cream… just a – just an fyi. I also hope you’ve learned enough to recognize how little you know… how little you know now… at the moment… for today is just the beginning. It’s where you go from here that matters.
如果你在這些年裡學到了任何東西，我希望你了解教育的真義在於學習的樂趣，而非世俗的收穫。我希望你體會到索福克里斯(雅典悲劇作家)曾說過的「智慧是快樂的主要成分」這句話。第二成分是冰淇淋…純粹..僅供參考。我也希望，你能體認到你所知道的有多麼少。你所認識的有多麼少，在這一刻。不過今天其實只是個開端，日後的不斷學習才是關鍵。
As you commence, then, and before you scatter to the winds, I urge you to do whatever you do for no reason other than you love it and believe in its importance. Don’t bother with work you don’t believe in any more than you would a spouse you’re not crazy about, lest you too find yourself on the wrong side of a Baltimore Orioles comparison. Resist the easy comforts of complacency, the specious glitter of materialism, the narcotic paralysis of self-satisfaction. Be worthy of your advantages.
在你畢業的此刻，在你們即將乘風飛翔之前，我希望你們能夠基於真正熱愛並相信其重要性才去做任何事情。不要費心去理會那些連你都不信任的事物，就像不要錯選婚姻對象一樣，以免讓自己的離婚率跟巴爾的摩金鶯隊的敗率一樣高。不要太志得意滿、不要被物質主義的閃閃亮光給誘惑、也不要被自我美化的幻象給催眠。珍視你的長處。
And read… read all the time… read as a matter of principle, as a matter of self-respect. Read as a nourishing staple of life. Develop and protect a moral sensibility and demonstrate the character to apply it. Dream big. Work hard. Think for yourself. Love everything you love, everyone you love, with all your might. And do so, please, with a sense of urgency, for every tick of the clock subtracts from fewer and fewer; and as surely as there are commencements there are cessations, and you’ll be in no condition to enjoy the ceremony attendant to that eventuality no matter how delightful the afternoon.
閱讀，持續廣泛地閱讀。閱讀關乎價值觀與自尊的建立，閱讀是生命的精神食糧。培養及保持道德理性，並展現良好的品格。勇敢地夢想，並付諸實行，好好思考自己的人生。盡可能去愛你周遭的每一件事物與每一個人。而且，要把握時機，時間正一分一秒地流逝。各位也要記得，凡事有開始就有結束。不管你有多麼享受今天的美好午後時光，這場畢業典禮總會落幕。
The fulfilling life, the distinctive life, the relevant life, is an achievement, not something that will fall into your lap because you’re a nice person or mommy ordered it from the caterer. You’ll note the founding fathers took pains to secure your inalienable right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness–quite an active verb, “pursuit” – which leaves, I should think, little time for lying around watching parrots roller skate on Youtube.
充實的人生、獨特的人生、有意義的人生，是一項難得的成就。但那不會因為你是個好人就從天而降，或是你母親出面替你打點就能獲得。我們的開國元勳們，費盡心力替我們鞏固了生命、自由與對幸福的追求等種種不可剝奪的權利。「追求」，相當活躍的一個動詞。就是因為先賢們如此的積極作為，今日你才得以有「閒情逸致」在零碎空檔裡，躺著看 YouTube 上鸚鵡溜冰的影片。
The first President Roosevelt, the old rough rider, advocated the strenuous life. Mr. Thoreau wanted to drive life into a corner, to live deep and suck out all the marrow. The poet Mary Oliver tells us to row, row into the swirl and roil. Locally, someone… I – I forget who… from time to time encourages young scholars to carpe the heck out of the diem. The point is the same: get busy, have at it.
我們的老羅斯福總統，一位老練的騎士，提倡勤奮的人生。作家梭羅嘗試過著隱居的簡單生活，活得深刻，並品嘗生命的精髓。詩人瑪麗．奧利佛則告訴我們，划行，划行到漩渦處，且享受其搖擺。在本地，有人…我忘了是誰…(譯註：應該是他自己)，常常鼓勵莘莘學子們活在當下。這些話的重點都是一樣的：「動起來，盡力去做。」
Don’t wait for inspiration or passion to find you. Get up, get out, explore, find it yourself, and grab hold with both hands. Now, before you dash off and get your YOLO tattoo, ah let me point out the illogic of that trendy little expression–because you can and should live not merely once, but every day of your life.
不要枯等靈感與熱情來敲門。起身吧，出門去，大膽冒險，勇敢探索，並好好把握。現在，在你匆匆跑去紋上「YOLO」的刺青前，讓我為你點出這個時下流行語的不合邏輯之處—其實你不能也不應該只活一次，而是要好好活在每一天的當下。
Rather than You Only Live Once, it should be You Live Only Once… but because YLOO doesn’t have the same ring, we shrug and decide it doesn’t matter. None of this day-seizing, though, this YLOOing, should be interpreted as license for self-indulgence. Like accolades ought to be, the fulfilled life is a consequence, ah a gratifying byproduct. It’s what happens when you’re thinking about more important things.
與其說你只能活一次(YOLO)，不如說人生無法重來(YLOO)。不過因為YLOO唸來沒那麼響亮，所以我們聳聳肩，覺得應該無所謂吧。把握今朝不應該被曲解為自我沉溺的藉口。如同讚美的本質，充實的生活也是一個結果，一項令人喜悅的副產品。當你用心在重要的事物上面時，這樣的結果往往會自動浮現。
Climb the mountain not to plant your flag, but to embrace the challenge, enjoy the air and behold the view. Climb it so you can see the world, not so the world can see you. Go to Paris to be in Paris, not to cross it off your list and congratulate yourself for being worldly. 
登上山頂，不是為了插上旗幟，而是能夠迎向挑戰，享受新鮮空氣，好好欣賞底下的美景。爬上去，所以你可以看到世界，而不是為了讓世界可以看到你。去巴黎，就好好體驗巴黎，不是把為了將它從旅遊清單上劃去，然後沾沾自喜自己又去過一個國家。
Exercise free will and creative, independent thought not for the satisfactions they will bring you, but for the good they will do others, the rest of the 6.8 billion – and those who will follow them. And then you too will discover the great and curious truth of the human experience is that selflessness is the best thing you can do for yourself. The sweetest joys of life, then, come only with the recognition that you’re not special.
Because everyone is.
運用自由意志、創造力與獨立思考能力，不是為了自身的滿足，而是為了他人的福祉—其他的那些 68 億人口，以及未來的下一代子孫。然後，你就會發現人類經驗中真正偉大且充滿奇趣的真理：「無私，是我們所能帶給自己最棒的事情。」生命最甜美的滋味，就在於，你我都確認到我們並不特別。
因為，每個人都是特別的。
Congratulations. Good luck. Make for yourselves, please, for your sake and for ours, extraordinary lives.
恭喜各位。祝大家好運。請為了自己，也為了大家，好好打造自己不凡的人生。
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譯註一：not touch … with a ten-foot pole 為英文俚語，意思是不想干涉或介入。
譯註二：level playing field 的說法源於美式足球，原本是指地面平坦，不會有哪邊的隊員因為跑下坡或上坡得分，造成對其中一方不公平的情形。後來慢慢廣泛用於商場或職場上，指大家你我公平競爭的賽場。這裡也指畢業生腳下那片平坦的草地，意思是說每個人擁有的條件都一樣，立足點都相同。此為一語雙關。
譯註三：intergalactic X-Box assassin，X-Box 為微軟於 2001 年推出之一款遊戲機型，intergalactic X-Box assassin 應為裡頭某一角色。
譯註四：U9 soccer，U9 指的是 under 9 years old，意思是九歲以下之足球賽。
譯註五：Mister Rogers 為美國兒童節目主持人，總是一臉笑嘻嘻的。
譯註六：Townsman 為威爾斯利中學社區的一份刊物，也有網路版。
譯註七：甚至連英文老師都不會忽略。英文老師給人印象就是數學差嗎？好慘。
譯註八：Newton, Natick, Needham 都是附近的中學，我猜 Needham 應該跟威爾斯利中學有互相較勁的味道。
譯註九：class president 相當於學生會長，如果指班長不會只有 3 萬 7 千個。
譯註十：social totem pole 類似所謂的 social ladder，指一個人在群體裡的位階。
補充感謝：感謝網友小坦的熱心指正，讓這篇譯稿能更完善。
麥卡洛老師「你並不特別」演講影片 (無字幕)

麥卡洛老師「你並不特別」演講影片 (中文字幕)

2005年賈伯斯史丹佛大學演講中英對照全文 (下)


《3. 關於死亡》
        My third story is about death.
    
        When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: "If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right." It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: "If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?" And whenever the answer has been "No" for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.

2005年賈伯斯史丹佛大學演講中英對照全文 (上)

        蘋果前執行長賈伯斯(Steve Jobs)過世了。
    
        這兩天新聞不斷地播放這件事情，報導他的生平故事、創業起落、處世與管理的風格，還剪輯了他2005年在史丹佛大學畢業典禮上的15分鐘演講片段。
    
        我上網找了這段影片，看了不下數十次，深受感動。短短15分鐘，涵蓋「出生」、「人生起伏」到「死亡」三個主題，層次分明，充滿啟發性。故特地把演講原文與網路上覺得不錯的中譯並置在一起，稍微潤飾修改，再做些美編與排列的動作，使其更加易讀。
    
        賈伯斯的死訊引發的全球性哀悼與緬懷，讓我想起2年前麥可傑克森過世的時候。同樣是神般的傳奇人物，同樣在壯年之際，離開了這個世界，一個真的跑到雲端去生活，一個在月球繼續漫步。
    
        他們都曾走在人生的黑暗幽谷，但都從未放棄所愛，堅持住自己的信念，繼續推動世界(push the world forward)和療癒世界(heal the world)。
    
        他們，都是改變世界的人。
    
        而現在，當我閉上眼睛，我似乎看見，在某顆遙遠星球的夜晚草原上，約翰藍儂側頭搖曳著長髮，彈奏吉他，貓王用深邃迷濛的招牌眼神遠望地球，深情哼唱新歌。麥可傑克森在另一頭撫著帽子低頭練習滑步。賈伯斯則手拿iPhone5，透過穿越宇宙的光束電波，摸捻下巴的鬍渣，微笑看著走在他所鋪設的未來的我們。
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Obama's Inaugural Speech --- English-Chinese Version 
歐巴馬就職演說 --- 中英對照版
My fellow citizens:
I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors.
I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.
各位同胞： 
今天我站在這裡，為眼前的重責大任感到謙卑，對各位的信任心懷感激，對先賢的犧牲銘記在心。我要謝謝布希總統為這個國家的服務，也感謝他在政權轉移期間的寬厚和配合。
 
Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath. The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace. Yet, every so often, the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms. 
At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forebearers, and true to our founding documents.
So it has been. So it must be with this generation of Americans.
四十四位美國人發表過總統就職誓言，這些誓詞或是在繁榮富強及和平寧靜之際發表，或是在烏雲密布，時局動盪之時。
在艱困的時候，美國能箕裘相繼，不僅因為居高位者有能力或願景，也因為人民持續對先人的抱負有信心，也忠於創建我國的法統。 
因此，美國才能承繼下來。因此，這一代美國人必須承繼下去。 
That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred. Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age. 
Homes have been lost; jobs shed; businesses shuttered. Our health care is too costly; our schools fail too many; and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet. 
我們正置身危機核心
現在大家都知道我們正置身危機核心，我國正處於對抗深遠暴力和憎恨的戰爭。我們的經濟元氣大傷，是某些人貪婪且不負責任的後果，也是大眾未能做出艱難的選擇，為國家進入新時代做準備所致。
許多人失去房子，丟了工作，生意垮了。我們的醫療照護太昂貴，學校教育辜負了許多人。每天都有更多證據顯示，我們利用能源的方式壯大我們的對敵，威脅我們的星球。 
These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics. Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land -- a nagging fear that America's decline is inevitable, and that the next generation must lower its sights.
Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real. They are serious and they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know this, America: They will be met.
這些都是得自資料和統計數據的危機指標。比較無法測量但同樣深沉的，是舉國信心盡失─持續擔心美國將無可避免地衰退，也害怕下一代一定會眼界變低。 
今天我要告訴各位，我們面臨的挑戰是真的，挑戰非常嚴重，且不在少數。它們不是可以輕易，或在短時間內解決。但是，美國要了解，這些挑戰會被解決。 
On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.
On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn-out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.
在這一天，我們聚在一起，因為我們選擇希望而非恐懼，有意義的團結而非紛爭和不合。
在這一天，我們來此宣示，那些無用的抱怨和虛偽的承諾已終結，那些扭曲我們政治已久的相互指控和陳舊教條已終結。 
We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things. The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit; to choose our better history; to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: 
the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness.
我們仍是個年輕的國家，但借用聖經的話，擺脫幼稚事物的時刻到來了，重申我們堅忍精神的時刻到來了，選擇我們更好的歷史，實踐那種代代傳承的珍貴權利，那種高貴的理念：
就是上帝的應許，我們每個人都是平等的，每個人都是自由的，每個人都應該有機會追求全然的幸福。 
In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given. It must be earned. Our journey has never been one of shortcuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the fainthearted -- for those who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame. 
Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things -- some celebrated, but more often men and women obscure in their labor -- who have carried us up the long, rugged path toward prosperity and freedom.
再次肯定我們國家的偉大，我們了解偉大絕非賜予而來，必須努力達成。我們的旅程從來就不是抄捷徑或很容易就滿足。這條路一直都不是給不勇敢的人走的，那些偏好逸樂勝過工作，或者只想追求名利就滿足的人。
恰恰相反，走這條路的始終是勇於冒險的人，做事的人，成事的人，其中有些人很出名，但更常見的是在各自崗位上的男男女女無名英雄，在這條漫長崎嶇的道路上支撐我們，邁向繁榮與自由。 
For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life.
For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West; endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.
For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg; Normandy and Khe Sahn.
為了我們，他們攜帶很少的家當，遠渡重洋，追尋新生活。 
為了我們，他們胼手胝足，在西部安頓下來；忍受風吹雨打，篳路藍縷。 
為了我們，他們奮鬥不懈，在康科特和蓋茨堡，諾曼地和溪山等地葬身。
Time and again, these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life. 
They saw America as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions; greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction.
前人不斷的奮鬥與犧牲，直到雙手皮開肉綻，我們才能享有比較好的生活。
他們將美國視為大於所有個人企圖心總和的整體，超越出身、財富或小圈圈的差異。
This is the journey we continue today. We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth. Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began. Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year. Our capacity remains undiminished.
 But our time of standing pat, of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisions -- that time has surely passed. Starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking America.
這是我們今天繼續前進的旅程。我們仍舊是全球最繁榮強盛的國家。這場危機爆發時，我們的勞工生產力並未減弱。我們的心智一樣創新，我們的產品和勞務和上周或上個月或去年相比，一樣是必需品。我們的能力並未減損。
但是我們墨守成規、維護狹小利益、推遲引人不悅的決定，這段時期肯定已經過去。從今天起，我們必須重新出發、再次展開再造美國的工程。 
For everywhere we look, there is work to be done. The state of the economy calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act -- not only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth. We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together. 
We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology's wonders to raise health care's quality and lower its cost. We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories. And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age. All this we can do. And all this we will do.
經濟情勢需迅速行動

我們無論朝何處望去，都有工作必須完成。經濟情勢需要大膽、迅速的行動，我們將有所行動，不光是創造新工作，更要奠定成長的新基礎。我們將造橋鋪路，為企業興建電力網格與數位線路，將我們聯繫在一起。
我們將讓科學回歸合適的用途，運用科技的奇蹟來提高醫療品質並降低費用。我們將利用太陽能、風力和土壤作為汽車的燃料和工廠的能源。我們將讓中小學及大專院校轉型，因應新時代的需要。這些我們可以作到。我們也將會作到。 
Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions -- who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big plans. Their memories are short. For they have forgotten what this country has already done; what free men and women can achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage.
現在，有人質疑我們的企圖心規模，暗示說我們的體系無法承受太多的大計畫。這些人的記性不好。因為他們忘記了這個國家已經完成的成就，當創造力朝同一個目標發展，不受約束的男男女女可以完成何等成就，必要的是勇氣。 
What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them -- that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply. The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works -- whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward. 
Where the answer is no, programs will end. And those of us who manage the public's dollars will be held to account -- to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day -- because only then can we restore the vital trust between a people and their government.
懷疑者無法理解的是他們的主張已經站不住腳，長期以來折磨我們的陳腐政治爭議已經行不通。我們今天的問題不是政府太大或太小，而是有無功效，是否能幫助家庭找到薪水不錯的工作，支付得起照顧費用，有尊嚴的退休。
哪個方向能夠提供肯定的答案，我們就往那裡走。答案是否定的地方，計畫就會停止。所有我們這些管理大眾金錢的人都將負起責任，花錢要精明，改掉惡習，正大光明作事情，只有這樣我們才能重建政府與人民間最重要的信任。 
Nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill. Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control -- and that a nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous. 
The success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our gross domestic product, but on the reach of our prosperity; on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart -- not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good.
我們眼前的問題也不是說市場的力量是善或惡。市場創造財富和增加自由的力量無與倫比，但是這場危機提醒我們沒有監督時，市場發展將失控，當市場只偏愛有錢人時，國家無法永續繁榮。
我們經濟成功的依據，不只是國內生產毛額的規模，還有繁榮可及的範圍，以及我們將機會拓展給每個願意打拚的人，不是因為施捨，而是因為這就是達到我們共同利益最穩健的途徑。 
As for our common defense, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals. Our Founding Fathers, faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a charter expanded by the blood of generations. 
Those ideals still light the world, and we will not give them up for expedience's sake. And so to all other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father was born: 
Know that America is a friend of each nation and every man, woman and child who seeks a future of peace and dignity, and that we are ready to lead once more.
至於我們的共同防衛，我們認為必須在我們的自由和理想之間作一抉擇是不確實的，我們拒絕接受。我們建國諸父在我們難以想像的危難之中。擬具了確保法治和人權的憲章，被一代代以鮮血擴大充實的憲章。
這些理想依然照亮這個世界，我們不會為了便宜行事而揚棄它。同樣地，今日在觀看此情此景的其他民族和政府，從最宏偉的都城到家父出生的小村莊，我要說：
任何一個國家、男、女、和孩童，只要你在追求一個和平且有尊嚴的未來，美國就是你的朋友，我們準備再次帶領大家。 
Recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions. They understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please. 
Instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use; our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint.
我們可面對新的威脅
回想先前的世代力抗法西斯主義和共產主義，靠的除了飛彈和戰車之外，還有強固的聯盟和持久的信念。他們知道單單力量本身不足以讓我們自保，也不能讓我們為所欲為。
相反地，他們知道我們的力量因為謹慎使用而增強，我們的安全源自我們理想的正當性，我們所樹立楷模的力量，以及謙遜和克制所具有的調和特質。 
We are the keepers of this legacy. Guided by these principles once more, we can meet those new threats that demand even greater effort -- even greater cooperation and understanding between nations. We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan. 
With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warming planet. We will not apologize for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defense, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken; you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.
我們是這些遺產的保存者。在這些原則的再次指引下，我們可以面對那些新的威脅，這些威脅有賴國與國間更大的合作與諒解方能因應。我們將開始以負責任的方式把伊拉克還給它的人民，並在阿富汗建立贏來不易的和平。
我們會努力不懈地與老朋友和昔日的對手合作，以減輕核子威脅，和地球的暖化。我們不會為我們的生活方式而道歉，也會毫不動搖地保護它，對那些想要藉由帶來恐怖與殺害無辜以遂其目的者，我們現在告訴你，我們的精神強過你們，無法摧折，你們不可能比我們長久，我們必定打敗你們。 
For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness. We are a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus -- and nonbelievers. 
We are shaped by every language and culture, drawn from every end of this Earth; and because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass; that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve; that as the world grows smaller, our common humanity shall reveal itself; and that America must play its role in ushering in a new era of peace.
因為我們知道，我們拼湊組合而成的遺產是我們的強處，而非弱點。我們是由基督徒和穆斯林，猶太教徒和印度教徒，以及非信徒組成的國家。
我們由取自世界四面八方的各種語文和文化所形塑。而且由於我們曾嘗過內戰和種族隔離的苦果，並且在走出那黑暗時期之後變得更堅強和團結，這讓我們不得不相信舊日的仇恨終究會過去，部族之間的界線很快就會泯滅。隨著世界越來越小，我們共通的人性也會彰顯，而美國必須扮演引進新和平時代的角色。 
To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and mutual respect. To those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society's ills on the West: Know that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy. 
To those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history; but that we will extend a hand if you are willing to unclench your fist.
對穆斯林世界，我們尋求一種新的前進方式，以共同的利益和尊重為基礎。那些想播植衝突並把自己社會的問題怪罪於西方的領袖，須知你的國民藉以判斷你的，是你能建立什麼，而非你能毀壞什麼。
那些靠著貪腐欺騙和箝制異己保住權勢的人，須知你門站在歷史錯誤的一邊，而只要你願意鬆手，我們就會幫忙。
To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds. And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world's resources without regard to effect. For the world has changed, and we must change with it.
那些窮國的人民，我們保證會和你們合作，讓們的農場豐收，讓清流湧入，滋補餓壞的身體，餵養飢餓的心靈。而對那些和我們一樣比較富裕的國家，我要說，我們不能再對國界以外的苦痛視而不見，也不能再消耗世上的資源而不計後果。因為世界已經變了，我們也要跟著改變。 
As we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble gratitude those brave Americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains. They have something to tell us today, just as the fallen heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages. 
We honor them not only because they are guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the spirit of service; a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves. And yet, at this moment -- a moment that will define a generation -- it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all.
在我們思索眼前道路的此際，我們以謙虛感激的心想到，有些勇敢的美國同胞正在遙遠的沙漠和山嶺上巡邏。今天他們有話要對我們說，就和躺在阿靈頓（公墓）的英雄們世世代代輕聲訴說的一樣。
我們尊榮他們，不只因為他們捍衛我們的自由，更因為他們代表著服務的精神；願意在比自己更大的事物上找尋意義。而在此刻，能夠界定一個世代的此刻，必須常駐你我心中的，正是這種精神。 
For as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies. 
It is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which sees us through our darkest hours. 
It is the firefighter's courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent's willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our fate.
即使政府能做和必須做，這個國家最終仍得靠美國人民的信念與決心。
在堤防決堤時，是人們的善心，讓他們招待陌生人。是工作人員的無私，讓他們寧可減工時，也不願看到朋友失業，陪伴我們度過最黑暗時期。
是消防員的勇氣，讓他們衝進滿是濃煙的樓梯間。是父母心甘情願培育孩子，最終決定我們的命運。 
Our challenges may be new. The instruments with which we meet them may be new. But those values upon which our success depends -- hard work and honesty, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism -- these things are old. 
These things are true. They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history. What is demanded then is a return to these truths. 
我們的挑戰也許是新的，我們迎接挑戰的工具也許是新的，但我們賴以成功的價值觀─辛勤工作和誠實、勇氣和公平競爭、容忍和好奇心、忠實和愛國心─這些都是固有的。
這些價值是真實的，是我們歷史上進步的沈默力量。我們有必要找回這些真實價值。
What is required of us now is a new era of responsibility -- a recognition, on the part of every American, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation and the world; duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly, firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit, so defining of our character, than giving our all to a difficult task.
This is the price and the promise of citizenship.
我們現在需要一個勇於負責的新時代，每一個美國人都體認到我們對自己、對國家、對世界負有責任，我們不是不情願地接受這些責任，而是欣然接受，堅信沒有什麼比全力以赴完成艱難的工作，更能得到精神上的滿足，更能找到自我。 
這是公民的代價和承諾。 
This is the source of our confidence -- the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.
This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed -- why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent Mall, and why a man whose father less than 60 years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath.
這是我們信心的來源，體認上帝召喚我們創造不確定的命運。 
這是我們的自由和信條的真諦，為什麼不同種族和信仰的男女老幼能在這個大草坪上共同慶祝，為什麼一個人的父親在不到六十年前也許還不能進當地的餐廳用餐，現在卻能站在你們面前做最神聖的宣誓。 
So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have traveled. In the year of America's birth, in the coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying campfires on the shores of an icy river. 
The capital was abandoned. The enemy was advancing. The snow was stained with blood. At a moment when the outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered these words be read to the people:
"Let it be told to the future world ... that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive... that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet [it]."
讓我們記住這一天，記住我們是誰、我們走了多遠。在美國誕生這一年，在最寒冷的幾個月，在結冰的河岸，一群愛國人士抱著垂死的同志。
首都棄守，敵人進逼，雪沾了血。在那時，我們革命的成果受到質疑，我們的國父下令向人民宣讀這段話： 
「讓這段話流傳後世，在深冬，只剩下希望和美德，這個城市和這個國家，面臨共同危險，站起來迎向它。」
America. In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let us remember these timeless words. With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and endure what storms may come. 
Let it be said by our children's children that when we were tested, we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back, nor did we falter; and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God's grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations. 
美國，面對我們共同的危險，在這個艱困的冬天，讓我們記得這些永恆的話語。懷著希望和美德，讓我們再度衝破結冰的逆流，度過接下來可能來臨的暴風雪。
讓我們孩子的孩子繼續流傳下去，說我們受到考驗時，我們拒絕讓旅程結束，我們不回頭，也不躊躇；眼睛注視著遠方，上帝的恩典降臨我們，我們帶著自由這個偉大的禮物，安全送達未來的世世代代。

  
英語教室成立!

    一直以來，就很想設一個專區給英文學習，但老是嘴裡說說，心裡想想，真是該死的惰性阿!